Faculty Research

1. Hydraulic and Sediment Simulation:  Guidelines for Operation and Maintenance of Chashma Right Bank Canal (Mr. Ghulam Nabi, Assistant Professor and Prof. Dr. Muhamamd Latif, Director)

The sediment management study of Chashma Right Bank Canal was jointly carried out by International Sediment Research Institute Pakistan (ISRIP) and Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering (CEWRE). Data related to sediment, hydraulic, topographic and design of CRBC canal for model simulation was collected by ISRIP. HEC-6 computer model developed by US Army Corp of Engineers and SIC (simulation of irrigation canal) model developed by Cemegraf France, were applied to CRBC for hydraulic and sediment flow simulations.

The simulation was done in two phases. In first part the canal reach from RD=0+00 to RD=380 was selected for simulation. The hydraulic and sediment data collected by ISRIP from January 2001 to November 2001 was used. In the second phase the canal reach from RD=0+00 to RD=848 was selected for simulation and the total canal length was subdivided into eight reaches. The hydraulic and sediment data collected from January 2001 to November 2001, and September 2003 to August 2003 were used for the simulation. Conclusions of the study are as follows:

i.            Sediment deposition was observed by WAPDA in stage –II of the CRB Canal. It was simulated by HEC-6 model. This simulation was based on the data observed in year 2000 and 2001. The stage-III of CRB canal was not fully in operation upto this period.  Due to non-functional of stage-III the distributaries upto the stage-II were fed by artificial heading up, which causes the sediment deposition.

ii.            Total sediment deposited during one year simulation was 397 acre-ft in the canal upto RD 380. There was erosion trend in upstream reaches and deposition at the downstream. The finer sediment was deposited. The bed material analysis shows that clay contents were maximum. Results of simulation show that sediment carrying capacity of the canal for different reaches on different discharges was higher than the measured sediment. The heading phenomena was not considered in these simulations. Thus based on these results it can be concluded that if canal is operated without artificial heading up, there is potential that canal will carry the inflow sediment load.

iii.            Sediment drawing efficiency of offtaking channels was calculated based on the observed data. It was noted that nearly all the distributaries are drawings sediment concentration of 100% or more as compared to the main channel. Therefore, it is concluded that the sedimentation problem in stage-II is not due to offtaking distributaries.

iv.            Operation of the escape channel was examined to flush out the deposited sediment. The escape was operated at a discharge of 500 cusecs during the month of June. The volume of sediment drawn by escape channel was 112 acre-ft and it has significant impact on bed erosion.

v.            In second scenario all the CRB Canal was simulated using HEC-6 and SIC models. The data observed in the years 2002 and 2003 was used for these simulations. The stage-III was in operational during this observation period. The canal was sub-divided into 8 small reaches because of limitation of the model. The outflow of the Ist reach was used as inflow for the second and so on.

The results show erosion trend during simulation for 320 days. There was about 594 acre-ft erosion throughout the reach during the above period.

vi.            The sediment carrying capacity of the offtaking channel was calculated for whole of the CRB Canal. Results show that all the offtakes are drawing their due share of sediment from the main canal.

vii.            The bed profile observed by ISRIP in years 2002 and 2003 were plotted which show that there is erosion between the years 2002 and 2003. It shows that the operation of stage-III has positive impact toward the sediment phenomena in the CRB Canal.

viii.            The CRB Canal is being operated on demand basis. The distributaries are fed by artificial heading up the canal, the designer could not fully understand the consequence of heading up on sedimentation at the design stage.

ix.            Sediment carrying capacity of the canal for different reaches was simulated. The results show that sediment carrying capacity of the canal was more than the sediment concentration measured at different locations during the years of 2002 and 2003.

2.  Stochastic Flood Risk Mapping (Zoning) (Principal Investigator: Dr. S. M. Saeed Shah, Associate Professor, Sponsored by PSF)

Flood risk zoning (mapping) is a non-structural measure for flood mitigation and essential tool for land use planning for flood prone areas. The introduction of stochastic element enhances the capability of ‘Flood Risk Zoning’ because it provides the future scenario to the planners responsible for flood mitigation measures.

Project site comprises of flood prone areas of Chiniot, which is located in east & north of two important districts Faisalabad and Hafizabad. Chiniot city is located at 6 km in southwest of the study area. Flood in the study area causes inundation to vast areas on both banks of Chenab river and as a result cultivable lands and human dwellings of these areas are adversely affected.

In the study till now data have been collected for topography and the parameters required for the analysis of high flows and their spread & frequency. For the analysis data has been plotted and tabulated. Primary analysis and application of different statistical tests reveal that highly likely Gumbel and Large Pearson III distributions would be suitable for the data available till now. Confirmation of these statistical distributions could not be made and possibility of other distributions could not be ruled out because data for these types of decisions are not enough. More data would be required to confirm the results of these and other frequency distributions. Couple of indications from data analysis gave reflections that the introduction of the stochastic element will bring reasonable improvement in flood risk mapping but authenticated evidence will come out after comprehensive analysis with complete data.

In rest of the pending future work the results of frequency analysis i.e. floods of different magnitudes and different return period, will be coupled with hydraulic parameter employing the topography of the project area for the preparation of ‘stochastic flood risk mapping’.

3.      Integrated Water Resources Management for Sustainable Development in Selected Canal Command (Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif, Director and Mr. Ghulam Nabi, Assistant Professor)

Introduction

Irrigated agriculture of Pakistan is the backbone of our economy contributing 90 percent of food production. But unfortunately, our irrigated agriculture is seriously confronted with major problems of water scarcity, unequal distribution of irrigation water, low productivity and increasing soil salinity. According to experts, irrigation development is the most effective to poverty aversion than any other type of public development in arid and semi-arid climate. Thus efforts must be made to increase the water productivity and reverse land degradation process. There is a wide gap between maximum and minimum yield across farms and in different geographic regions in the country. For example, average yield of wheat crop has been reported to vary from 0.5 ton/ha to 5.4 ton/ha in the Indus Basin. This wide gap suggests that there is much potential of increasing overall production if efforts are taken to minimize the gap that exists in the production of major crops in the country.

Many studies have confined that there is much inequity in distribution of canal water in the country. This inequity is present at different levels i.e. within a watercourse and along the main canals and the distributaries. Normally, the condition of water supply is satisfactory at the head of the system but it deteriorates towards the tail ends of the system in dual manner. That is the tail enders are not only getting less canal water but they are less fortunate and get groundwater of inferior quality. Crop yields of these farmers not only suffers due to lack of water shortage but also due to high salinity and sodicity of groundwater if it is available.

Problem Statement

Throughout mankind’s history, water resources and irrigation development have played a major role in human settlement and development. In Pakistan, 90 percent of food production is contributed by irrigated agriculture by utilizing 93 percent of available water resources. Water scarcity is a major constraint not only for further irrigation development but also to maintain productivity of present irrigated lands in the country. Rising pressure to produce ‘more food with less water’ demands for efficient and integrated use of available water resources. In Pakistan irrigated agriculture is presently facing major problems such as: increasing water scarcity, degradation of land and water resources, low agricultural productivity, unequal distribution and access to water resources. Many studies have been conducted to address the above issues mainly emphasizing a particular aspect and that too at field scale or farm level. Whereas irrigated agriculture is a complex process and must be addressed accordingly. Moreover if our focus is to increase overall production of the whole system benefiting majority of the farmers, then we must consider larger scale. In the present study, it is proposed to investigate the impact of unequal distribution of canal water, water quality and conjunctive water use on overall productivity in selected distributaries in a canal command. This study will help to identify constraints and opportunities for increasing overall productivity in the country.

Objectives

Overall objective of this study is to identify different constraints for low productivity at different scales in the irrigated areas in the country. Specific objectives of the study are:

i.                     To analyse impact of locational unevenness distribution of canal water and groundwater use.

ii.                   To investigate secondary soil salinity buildup and its impact on productivity.

iii.                  To develop scenarios for improved water utilization and its socio-economic implications for planners and end users.

It is hypothesized that substantial increase in water productivity and profitability of irrigated agriculture can be achieved by equitable distribution of canal water by promoting coordinated use and management of canal water and groundwater.

Research Plan

This will be a field study for which sites will be selected at head, middle and tail reaches of a canal command. Two distributaries will be selected each at head, middle and tail of the main canal. On each selected distributary, nine watercourses (w/c) will be selected for detailed investigations (three watercourses each at head, middle and tail of the distributary). Detailed farm level data will be collected from nine farmers on each selected w/c (3 each at head, middle and tail).

4.        Development and Calibration of Surge Irrigation Performance Evaluation Model (Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif, Director and Mr. Sajid Mahmood)

Surge irrigation has received much attention in recent years and is considered a better alternative for its rapid water application in furrows/borders with a high degree of uniformity, reducing both water and irrigation time. Performance of surge irrigation is mainly dependent on water front advance that is influenced by soil consolidation, prior wetting history and duration of the on-off time periods during surging. Beside other factors, advance rate is considered one of the major and main factors influencing the surge irrigation performance/phenomena. Past research studies revealed that the advance travel time to a certain distance during surge irrigation reduces in subsequent surges and the reduction is more pronounced for the first surge on recently tilled soil. This reduction in advance time largely associated with the changes in soil conditions. Thus causing reduction in the infiltration behavior to provide more uniform distribution of water in furrows/borders. Research conducted so far presents the merits of surge irrigation by comparing it with conventional water application technique in furrows. Performance evaluation of surge irrigation is based on the techniques developed for conventional furrow irrigation evaluation using performance indicators like efficiencies and uniformity. Still today research advancement lacks in graphically comparing the surges advance rates (i.e., development of single advance rate curve) with the continuous advance.

An attempt has been made in this study to develop Surge Advance Prediction and Evaluation Model (SAPEM) on the hypothesis that surge advance time reduces from the first surge for subsequent surges with certain ratio.  This reduction provides faster movement of water during latter surges due to the involvement of physical processes after initial wetting for different on-off cycles during surge irrigation. Mathematical formulation of the model is made to predict the surge water advance rates, by modifying the power equation by introducing a surge reduction factor. SAPEM model helps in generating the advance rate for later surges using only first surge advance data and subsequent surges advance-time at the end of their surge cycle.  The model also helps for surge vs. continuous advance comparison using first surge and last surge advance-time data. In addition, the SAPEM benefit includes the prediction of reduction in advance time and estimating performance of surge irrigation in terms of water saving, application efficiency and distribution uniformity. The developed model is evaluated and compared through field trials under different surge applications and field conditions. Results showed a promising agreement between the predicted and observed data. The empirical model is a good addition in the present state of knowledge to overcome the laborious data collection and time-consuming simulation procedure for the study of the hydraulics of surge irrigation.  Results further support the graphical comparison of surge vs. continuous advance rates by combining all surges into single curve.

5          Critical Analysis and Impact Of Contrasting Regimes In Upper Indus Basin on Water Resources of Pakistan (Submitted to Pakistan Science Foundation, Principal Investigator: Dr. S. M. Saeed Shah, Associate Professor)

 Project Summary

            Different hydrological regimes over the northern Pakistan must be taken into account in planning, design, management and operation of water resources of river Indus as it is the life blood of the economy of Pakistan.

Most of flow abstracted for irrigation from the river Indus originates in the Karakoram, Himaliya and Hindu Kush mountains and is fed by a combination of melt water, seasonal and permanent snow fields and glaciers and direct runoff from rainfall both during winter and the Monsoon season from July to September. An understanding of hydrological regimes of the mountains is critical for the management of water resources of Pakistan and for the protection against the floods.

            As the basic theme of this study is to get a clear and in depth understanding of the transformation mechanism of different forms of precipitations to runoff, in specific the snowmelt and glacier melt runoff processes. To achieve this theme the main objective of this study is to access the existence and strength of linkages between seasonal climate and steam flow parameters and whether they vary systematically through the region.

After having the clear understanding of the processes, the impact of the behavior of the controlling parameters of the mechanism will be analyzed to understand the stochastic variabilities in the runoff behavior of main rivers feeding the Mangla and Terbela reservoirs. For the purpose broad characteristics of hydrological regimes will be investigated using stream flow data from maximum number of long -period stations in terms of annual and seasonal runoff. Firstly regression between climatic variables and stream flow for three key basins, the River Hunza, River Astore and Khan Khwar will be carried out then the regression analysis of twelve further basins.

 Objectives

           The primary and specific objectives of this study are:

1)      To assess the existence and strength of linkage between seasonal climate and stream flow parameters and whether they vary systematically through the region.

2)      To explore whether the seasonal forecasts of Indus inflow to Terbela reservoir can be achieved by multiple regression or a more detailed modeling approach would be required with the type and quality of data available.

3)      Impact assessment of the clear mechanism understanding on the qualitative improvements in water resources planning and development projects.

The expected results will be a break through in understanding the different controls of runoff and its generation mechanisms in the upper Indus basin and will have practical consequence on flow forecasting of Indus River.

 Socio-Economic Benefits

               As for as socio economic benefits of this study are concerned there is no doubt about it that the outcome of this study will bring tremendous benefits and monitory savings through direct and indirect ways for example:

1)      There will be immediate impact on the quality of life of the local people through the improvement in the quality of flow forecasts because in return better planning of floods control, hydropower and water resources development and utilization would be possible and in return economic activities will be boosted up.

2)      At national level as well it will help for quality inflow forecasting and indirectly it will a crucial role for better water resources planning and management studies to gear up the all socio-economic activities like directly or indirectly agriculture through irrigation water supplies and flood management and control through better information regarding the forecasting etc.   

6.    Development of an Optimum Framework for Large Dams Impacts on Poverty Alleviation in Arid Regions through Sustainable Development (Principal Investigator: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif, Director)

Dams are viewed as engines of economic progress and centerpieces of efforts to develop modern and industrial societies. They are also among the largest single investments in development infrastructure and are among the largest structures built by humans. Since the late 1940’s, the number of large dams worldwide has grown enormously on every continent.

Dam in arid and semi arid climates are considered food machines and insurance against starvation and large-scale poverty reduction. Large dams have the direct benefits, which are generally considered for economic development of water resources. Canal irrigation leads to a general expansion of secondary and tertiary  channels in the areas to be irrigated. Irrigation with respect to large dams  strengthens the activities and facilitates growth of larger units in terms of investment, employment, and other opportunities. It is a fact that the farmers and public are aware of the benefits of water development projects and pressure the local leaders to obtain sanction, construct and develop large dams projects. However   the development and economic objectives of dams are often not fully compatible with an equitable distribution of the benefits  among different stakeholder and community groups. For example, with dams for hydropower generation or drinking water supply, the beneficiaries may be hundreds of kilometers away in urban centers, while the local and downstream communities may suffer from the adverse health effects, environmental changes and social disruption.

Today, most of the world's large rivers are dammed. Among those, irrigation and drainage purposes consist of the very first reason of building dams, amounting to approximately 48 percent of all. A considerable proportion, approximately 15 percent, serves for domestic and industrial water supply. Construction of water resources development projects creates very large employment potential for the skilled and semi-skilled categories of workers. It is observed that labor component comprises nearly 25% of the project cost. Besides the employment created on account of construction of projects, canal irrigation is a direct source of livelihood for millions of agricultural labor in the developing countries where automatic and pressurized irrigation is not common.

Poverty means more than lack of adequate income and it has multidimensional causes, manifestations and outcomes, many of which are linked to vulnerability and social exclusion. The Poverty Reduction Strategy acknowledges the interdependence of economic, social, and institutional realities in tackling poverty.

Evaluation of poverty is a very significant consideration of sustainable development. Sustainable development (SD) is defined as a pattern of social and economic transformations, which optimizes the economic and societal benefits available presently, without jeopardizing the likely potential for similar benefits in the future their usefulness for future generations. Certain questions can be posed about the sustainable development (SD) and poverty alleviation (PA) resulting from large dams in an arid region. These questions may be:

·                    How much the existing large dams have contributed for poverty alleviation?

·                    How much the large dams under construction will contribute to poverty alleviation?

·                    How (SD) and (PA) are related?

·                    Are (SD) and (PA) are mutually reinforcing

·                    Is there potential for tension between (SD) and (PA) policies as they develop into legal doctrines?

Students Research

Ph.D./M.Phill/M.Sc. Water Resources Management (WRM)

1.       Application of Indus Basin model to Gugera branch canal command, Mr. M. Naeem Akhtar, M.Phil WRM, 2002-PG-WRM-01) - Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

2.       Evaluation of hydrological optimal land formation practice for Pothohar region (Mr. Muhammad Aamer, M.Sc WRM, 2002-PG-WRM-05) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

3.       Modeling for sediment management alternatives in irrigation canal (Mr. Ubaid Ullah, M.Sc WRM, 2002-PG-WRM-06) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

4.       Rainfall-runoff modeling for Kaha Hill torrent watershed D.G. District (Mr. Abdul Khaliq Hashmi, M.Sc WRM, 2002-PG-WRM-11) Advisor – Dr. S. M. Saeed Shah, Assoc. Prof.

5.       Impact of canal water distribution on productivity and income of farmers (Mr. Zeeshan Shehzad, M.Sc WRM, 2003-PG-WRM-01) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

6.       Comparison between density and non-density dependent models for simulating saline up-coning in fresh saline aquifer (Mr. Muhammad Javed, M.Sc WRM, 2003-PG-WRM-02) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

7.       Canal water distribution and its impact on farmers income (Mr. M. Tousif Bhatti, M.Sc WRM, 2003-PG-WRM-03) - Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

8.       Evaluation of sustainability of irrigated agriculture in Spaira Ragha plain of North Waziristan Agency. (Habib-ur-Rehman M.Sc. WRM 2003-PG-WRM-04) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

9.       Application of variable time water allocation model for rotational irrigation system (Mr. Muhammad Asif Bilal, M.Sc WRM, 2003-PG-WRM-05) - Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

10.    Evaluation of adequacy and performance of drainage inlets of surface drains. (Muhammad Muneeb Khan. M.Sc. WRM 2003-PG-WRM-06) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

11.    Development of a small scale irrigated agriculture on sustainable basis for Jowhar district in Shabelle river basin, Somalia. (Guled Mohammad Ahmed, M.Sc. WRM 2003-PG-WRM-07) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

Ph.D./M.Phill./M.Sc. Water Resources Engineering (WRE)

1.       Implications and performance evaluation of selective control measures of foundation seepage for embankment dams over deep permeable strata. (Zaheer Muhammad Malik. Ph.D. WRE) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof. Expected completion 2007.

2.       Evaluation and management of flood hazards in Basantar Nullah Dambrk Computer Model (Mr. Zulfiqar Ali, M.Phil WRE, 2001-PG-WRE-07) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

3.       Evaluation of sediment transport capacity of Marala-Ravi Link Canal (Rai Muhammad Amin, M.Phil WRE, 2001-PG-WRE-15) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

4.       Operational analysis of a civil canal in NWFP (Mr. Mudassar Khan, M.Sc WRE, 2001-PG-WRE-35) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

5.       Impacts of surface drainage on poverty alleviation in irrigated areas (Mr. Rehan-ur-Rehman, M.Sc WRE, 2002-PG-WRE-27)  Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

6.       Comparison of sedimentation for Kurram Tangi dam by using hydrologic (USBR) and hydraulic (HEC-6) models. (Mahmood Ahmad Javed. M.Phil. WRE 2003-PG-WRE-24) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

7.       Sensitivity analysis of sediment transport functions for reservoir sediment simulation (Mr. Mazhar Ali, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-38) - Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

8.       Study of concrete arch dam for Zarwam reservoir on Kurram River. (Murtaza Sarwar M.Sc. WRE 2003-PG-WRE-27) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

9.       Optimization of spillway discharge capacity and dam height. (Zahoor Ahmad. M.Sc. WRE 2003-PG-WRE-33) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

10.    Hydrologic and hydraulic performance of Sehwan barrage. (Majid Sarwar Wattoo, M.Phil. WRE 2003-PG-WRE-31) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

11.    EIA of River Ravi due to low flow (with special reference to groundwater and socio-cultural impacts (Rai Waqas Azfar Khan, M.Sc WRE, 2002-PG-WRE-26) Advisor – Dr. S. M. Saeed Shah, Assoc. Prof.

12.    Hydraulic performance of River Ravi near Lahore under extraordinary floods (Mr. Hasib Ahmd Zafar, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-28) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Assoc. Prof.

13.    Identification of homogeneous regions for flood frequency analysis of Jhelum River (Mr. Zakaullah, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-18) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Assoc. Prof.

14.    Optimal hydrologic design of storage pond for water harvesting in arid zone (Mr. Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-22) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Assoc. Prof.

15.    Bank stability analysis of Greater Thal Canal using SLOPE/W. (Malik Ikram Ullah, M.Sc WRE, 2002-PG-WRE-26) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

16.    Modeling snowmelt runoff for small catchments with limited data (Mr. Kashid Sajjad, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-21) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

17.    Analysis of different theories for optimal alluvial channel design in Indus Basin (Mr. Irfan Ullah, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-20) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

18.    Sensitivity analysis of sediment transport functions for reservoir sediment simulation (Mr. Mazhar Ali, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-38) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

19.    Application on numerical models to optimize weir dimensions at different flood levels (Mr. M. Muazzam, M.Sc WRE, 2003-PG-WRE-19) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

20.    Development of a computer worksheet model for design of alluvial canal system and application for design of rainee canal system (Mr. Muhammad Nawaz, M.Sc WRE, 2002-PG-WRE-24) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

21.    Simulation of LCC East canal for different management scenarios (Mr. Saqib Ahmad Chattha, M.Sc WRE, 2002-PG-WRE-14) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

22.    Application of HEC-RAS Computer model for training River Chenab at Marala (Mr. Ahmad Sher, M.Phil WRE, 2000-PG-WRE-44) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

23.    Spillway computation and designing model (SCADM) for various spillway types (Mr. Umair Shahid Qureshi, M.Sc WRE, 2001-PG-WRE-13) Advisor – Engr. H.F. Gabriel, Asst. Prof.

24.    Modeling seepage of Mangla dam by using SEEP/W Computer model (Mr. Muhammad Azam, M.Sc WRE, 2001-PG-WRE-14) Advisor – Engr. M. Yunus, Asst. Prof.

M.Sc Hydropower Engineering (HPE)

1.       Optimization of installed capacity of hydropower project near Besham Qila on Indus River (Mr. Shahid Mahmood, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-45) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

2.       Impact of scarcity of water supply on hydropower output of Nandipur Hydropower Station (Mr. Mubashar Khan, M.Sc HPE, 2003-PG-HPE-48) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

3.       Selection of optimal hydropower project layout in Kaghan valley (Mr. Shahzad Ghafoor, M.Sc HPE, 2003-PG-HPE-45) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

4.       Optimal sizing of Dasu hydropower plant by using HPC software (Mr. Muhammad Ghafoor, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-47) Advisor – Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif

5.       Impact of Skardu reservoir on downstream hydropower projects. (Muhammad Adnan Ghafoor. M.Sc. HPE 2003-PG-HPE-53) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

6.       Study of Kurram Tangi hydropower system operation as continuous versus peaking facility. (Syed Shafqat Hussain. M.Sc. HPE 2003-PG-HPE-46) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

7.       Maximization of hydropower production at power house # 3 for Kurram Tangi dam project. (Muzammil Hashmat. M.Sc. HPE 2003-PG-HPE-52) Advisor Dr Ata-ur-Rehman Tariq, Assoc. Prof.

8.       Impact of high/low flows on sediment yield and hydropower potential (A case study with reference to Bunji Hydropower Project (Mr. Abdur Rashid, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-43) Advisor – Dr. S. M. Saeed Shah, Assoc. Prof.

9.       Diagnostic analysis of indigenous hydropower plant: case study at Yakha China stream; Kumrat valley, Dir (Mr. Ibrahim Rahim Mian, M.Sc HPE, 2003-PG-HPE-50) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

10.    Maximizing hydropower potential of Satpara Dam by diverting surplus discharge of Shatung Nullah (Mr. Nouman Rafique, M.Sc HPE, 2003-PG-HPE-47) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

11.    Evaluation of hydropower potential of Shatung Nullah diversion flow in Northern Area (Mr. Barkat Ali, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-48) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

12.    Estimation of water availability and optimization of power potential of Akhori Dam with multiple existing uses of Indus River (Mr. Saqib Ashraf, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-44) Advisor – Dr. Muhammad Mazhar Saeed, Asst. Prof.

13.    Numerical simulation of hydraulic transition in power channel of Rohri hydropower project (Mr. M. Shafiq, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-37) Advisor - Engr. Ghulam Nabi, Asst. Prof.

14.    Application of seismic refraction techniques for geologic explorations in connection with hydropower projects (A case study of Malakand III hydropower project), (Mr. Muhammad Shahzad, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-40) Advisor – Engr. H.F. Gabriel, Asst. Prof.

15.    Application of P3 Prmavera model for construction planning of Satpara dam hydropower project (Mr. Abid Latif, M.Sc HPE, 2002-PG-HPE-36) Advisor – Engr. H.F. Gabriel, Asst. Prof.